Shenzhen Chengshengxing Technology Co., Ltd

2023

Common signal forms and signal conditioning of sensors

Author: Cheng Shengxing Electronics

Sensors are ubiquitous and used to measure temperature, lighting, sound, and various other environmental parameters. From the vast expanse of space, to the vast ocean, to various complex engineering systems, almost every modern project cannot do without various sensors. A sensor is a detection device that can sense the measured information and convert it into electrical signals or other required forms of information output according to certain rules, in order to meet the requirements of information transmission, processing, storage, display, recording, and control. Below is a brief overview of common signal forms and signal modulation in sensors.
In the process of use, the three output signals of the sensor also play an important role.
1. Absolute code signal is a signal that corresponds to the state of the object being measured. Like a code wheel, each angle and orientation corresponds to a set of codes, which are called absolute codes. Absolute code signals have strong anti-interference ability. No matter what happens during the measurement process, after interference, a state always corresponds to a certain set of codes.
2. The characteristic of incremental code signal is that the measured value is proportional to the number of cycles of the sensor output signal, that is, the magnitude of the output value is determined by the increment of the number of cycles of the signal change. When measuring displacement using interferometric methods such as grating displacement sensors, magnetic grating displacement sensors, laser displacement sensors, etc., the output signal of the sensor is an incremental code signal.
3. Switch signal: The switch signal has only two states, 0 and 1, which can be regarded as a special case when the absolute code has only one bit encoding. The output of sensors such as travel switches and photoelectric switches is the switch signal.